WASHINGTON (AP) 鈥 The money started drying up quickly, almost as soon as President Donald Trump began issuing his executive orders.
funds for early childhood programs. grants. Funding for the nation鈥檚 and museums. Money from a landmark to help schools renovate classrooms and states build electric vehicle charging stations. Federal Emergency Management Agency food and .
鈥淭here鈥檚 a lot of fear out there,鈥 said Tommy Sheridan, deputy director of the National Head Start Association, whose organization raised about funding delays that could impact children and families.
While the money is largely flowing again, he said, thanks in large part to Head Start’s track record 鈥 celebrating its 60th anniversary this year 鈥 鈥淥bviously, we need to make sure our funding is reliable.鈥
All told, billions upon billions of dollars have been single-handedly by the Trump administration so far this year 鈥 with as much as $410 billion at risk, by certain congressional estimates 鈥 in one of the most brazen affronts to the federal process in 50 years, since the budget laws were overhauled in the Nixon era.
Trump鈥檚 funding cuts violate law, watchdog says
Trump鈥檚 willingness to order the government agencies to simply halt spending that鈥檚 already been approved by Congress and signed into law is a violation, according to a nonpartisan government watchdog. And it鈥檚 creating a crisis on Capitol Hill and beyond, with an undercurrent of deep distrust as lawmakers clash over legislation to prevent a .
鈥淓very single one of us should be deeply alarmed by the lawless course the administration is charting here,鈥 Sen. Patty Murray, the top Democrat on the Senate Appropriations Committee, said at a summer hearing with Trump’s budget director, Russ Vought, a chief architect of .
On the surface, the standoff between Congress and the White House looks like a governmental dispute over , and the Trump administration’s desire to end so-called 鈥渨oke鈥 and wasteful programs across the nation, and the world.
But from efforts under billionaire to the budget Vought has sent to Capitol Hill, what’s unfolding is a deeper debate over the separation of powers 鈥 raising stark questions over what happens if the White House moves more aggressively to cut House and Senate lawmakers out of the federal funding process.
This week, Trump鈥檚 Office of Management and Budget under Vought directed agencies to 鈥 reductions in force 鈥 rather than simply furloughs of federal workers, in the event of a shutdown next week.
White House, Congress and the separation of powers
鈥淭his is a high point in presidential assertion over the spending power 鈥 it might be the highest point ever,鈥 said Kevin Kosar, a scholar at the right-leaning American Enterprise Institute.
While past presidents challenged Congress before 鈥 Jimmy Carter simply vetoed dozens of spending bills, and George W. Bush used presidential signing statements to carve out sections of legislation he disagreed with 鈥 Kosar said what Trump is doing 鈥渞eally garbles the logic鈥 of the entire budget process.
鈥淭he rules don鈥檛 really apply much any more,鈥 he said.
And it鈥檚 coming to an inflection point next week, Sept. 30, when Congress must pass legislation to keep the government from shutting down.
Vought鈥檚 office did not respond to a request for an interview, but he has been vocal about his views 鈥 and what鈥檚 to come.
From the pages of Project 2025
Writing in Project 2025, Vought explained that 鈥渢he great challenge鈥 facing a conservative president 鈥渋s the existential need for aggressive use of the vast powers of the executive branch.鈥
Vought said this will require a 鈥渂oldness to bend or break the bureaucracy to the presidential will.鈥
Since Trump took office in January, the federal watchdog, the Government Accountability Office, has issued a flurry of notices of violations in a rare reprimand of instances where the Trump administration has failed to unleash the money in accordance with the appropriation laws from Congress.
Among the dozens of investigations GAO opened this year, the funding uncertainty around Head Start, the NIH, museums and libraries, energy and transportation infrastructure programs and FEMA are among those that rose to become violations. More decisions are expected in the days ahead, before the Sept. 30 deadline for the federal government to get certain funds out the door.
Edda Emmanuelli Perez, the general counsel at GAO, which was created more than 100 years ago as a check on federal spending, said presidents have the ability to roll back spending, so long as it follows the process.
鈥淭he president has that authority to make these proposals,鈥 she said in an interview.
鈥淚f Congress then decides, yes, we agree, we鈥檙e going to pass a law to cancel the funds, then the funds get cancelled,鈥 she said. 鈥淚f Congress does not pass it, then that means the president has to, again, go back to the terms of the law and release those funds.鈥
After Nixon cut funds, Congress created a new law 鈥 and it’s now being challenged
That鈥檚 outlined in the Impoundment Control Act, which Congress approved in 1974 after concerns over then-President Richard Nixon鈥檚 refusal to allocate funds on programs he opposed. It requires the White House to notify Congress of its proposed rescissions. Congress then has 45 days, under a fast-track procedure, to vote on the president鈥檚 proposal.
This summer, Congress, where Republicans hold the majority, approved Trump鈥檚 request to in already approved funding for public broadcasting, including National Public Radio, and certain foreign aid programs, over the objections of Democrats.
But Vought is testing the limits of the impoundment law.
The White House late last month sent Congress a of $4.9 billion in foreign aid programs, bumping up against the Sept. 30 year-end deadline. If Congress fails to act before next Tuesday, the money would essentially go away, in a so-called 鈥減ocket rescission.鈥
鈥淭he Trump Administration is committed to getting America鈥檚 fiscal house in order by cutting government spending that is woke, weaponized, and wasteful,鈥 the White House said in a message to Congress announcing the rescissions proposal.
鈥淣ow, for the first time in 50 years, the President is using his authority under the Impoundment Control Act to deploy a pocket rescission, cancelling $5 billion in foreign aid and international organization funding.鈥
Republican Sen. Susan Collins of Maine, the powerful chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, has said the administration’s attempt to rescind the funds without congressional approval would be 鈥渁 clear violation of the law.鈥
But late Friday, the Supreme Court, in , extended an order allowing the administration to keep the funds frozen.
